听力原文
PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK
When we talk about a modern company, we usually have managers, employees, products, research and development or marketing in mind. However, in reality, a company is not just made up of these elements. There are other things that make a company what it is. This morning, we are going to look at some other aspects of a company. Let’s first take a look at the offices. The physical surroundings of most modern companies, especially offices are becoming more and more similar. Although there are some differences from country to country, one office looks much like another. Office furniture and equipment tends to be similar, desks, chairs, filing cabinets, computers, etc. “What is important about offices?”you may ask, “What the atmosphere of the work place can often influence the effectiveness of a company’s employees?” Modern offices are more spacious and better laid, heated, ventilated and airconditioned than in the past. But of course, this is the feature that varies from firm to firm, and may be dependant on the size of the company and its cooperate philosophy. In some comanies, the employees work in large, open-plan offices without walls between the departments; in others, the staff members work more privately in individual offices. No matter what the office’s law is like, modern companies pay special attention to the physical surroundings in order to create an atmosphere conducive to higher working efficiency. Another related point when talking about offices is the work relations with other people at the place of work. They include relationships with fellow employees, workers or colleagues. A great part of work or job satisfaction, some people say the major portion, comes from getting on with others at work. Work relations were also included those between management and employees. These relations are not always straightforward, particularly as the management’s assessment of how your performing can be crucial to your future career.
Now I’d like to say a bit more about the relations between management and employees. There will also be matters about which employees will want to talk to the management. In small businesses, the boss will probably work alongside his or her workers. Anything that needs to be sorted out will be done face to face as soon as the problem arises. There will be no formal meetings for procedures. But the larger the business, the less direct contact there will be between employees and management. Special meetings have to be held and procedures set up to say when, where, how and what circumstances the employees can talk to the management. Some companies have specially organized consultive committees for this purpose. In many countries of the world today, particularly in large firms, employees join a trade union and ask the union to represent them to the management. Through the union all categories of employees can pass on the complaints they have and try to get things changed. The process, through which unions negotiate with management on behalf of their members is called, collective bargaining. Instead of each employee trying to bargain alone with the company, the employees join together and collectively put forward their views. Occasionally a firm will refuse to recognize the right of a union to negotiate for its members, and its dispute over union recognition will arise. Whether there is an agreement, bargaining or negotiation will take place. A compromise agreement may be reached. When this is not possible, the sides can go to arbitration and bring in a third party from outside to say what they think should happen.
However, sometimes one of the sides decides to take industrial action. The management can lock out the employees and prevent them from coming to work. This used to be quite common, but it’s rarely used today. The main courses of action open to a trade union are strike, a ban on working overtime, “working to rule”, that is when employees work according to the company rule book, “go slows”, which means that employees may spend more time doing the same job, and “picketing”, which means the employees stand outside the entrance to the business location, hoarding outside to show that they are in conflict with the management. Every country has its own tradition of industrial relations, so it’s difficult to generalize. In some businesses, unions are not welcomed by the management, but it others, the unions play an important role both in the everyday working relations of individual companies, and also in the social and political life of the country.
SECTION B INTERVIEW
If you are going to create a TV show that plays week after week, it needs an actor who can play a believer, you know, a person who tends to believe everything. Tonight in our show we have David Duchovney, who has starred in the popular TV series, “The X·Files”. Thanks to his brilliant performance in the TV series, David has become one of best-known figures in the country.
Interviewer: Good evening, David, I’m so glad to have you here.
David: It’s my pleasure. Thank you for inviting me on the show.
Interviewer: David, have you often been on the radio shows?
David: Oh, yes, quite often. To be frank, I love to be on the show.
Interviewer: Why?
David: You know, I want to know what people think about the TV series and about me, my acting, etc.
Interviewer: OK, David, let’s first talk about the character you played in ‘The X·Files’. The character, whose name is Mulder is supposed to be a believer. He deals with those unbelievable, wild and often disastrous events. He must be, I mean, Mulder, someone who really believes in the things he meets in order to keep on probing into those mysteries.
David: That’s true. Remember those words said by Mulder: What is so hard to believe? Whose intensity makes even a most skeptical viewer believe the paranormal and our rigorous government consipiracies, without every reason to believe that life in the persistent survey is driving us out of our territorial sphere, etc., etc.?
Interviewer: I believe, I guess, David, your contribution to the hot series is quite aparent. Now let’s talk about your personal experience. From what I have read, I know that starting from your childhood, you were always a smart boy, went to the best private school, and were accepted at most of the Ivy League colleges. Not bad for a low middle class kid from a broken family on New York’s Lower Eastside. It’s even more surprising when you, who were on your way to a doctorate at Yale to took a few acting classes and got beaten by the book.
David: You bet. My mother was really surprised when I decided to give up all that in order to become an actor.
Interviewer: Sure. But talking about Mulder, the believer in ‘The X·Files’, what about you, David? Do you believe at all in real life, the aliens, people from outer space, you know, UFOs, government conspiracies, all the things that the TV series deal with?
David: Well, government conspiracies, I think, are a little far fetched. Because I mean, it’s very hard for me to keep a secret with a friend of mine. And you can tell me that the entire government is going to come together and hide the aliens from us? I find that hard to believe. In terms of aliens, I think that they are real. They must be.
Interviewer: So you could believe in aliens?
David: Oh, yeah.
Interviewer: The character you played in ‘The X·Files’, Fox Mulder, is so dark and moody. Are you dark and moody in life?
David: I think so. I think what they wanted was somebody who could be this hearted, driven person, but not behave that way and therefore be hearted and driven but also appear to be normal and not crazy at the same time. And I think that I could, I can, I can afford that.
Interviewer: What haunts you now? What drives you now?
David: What drives me is failure and success and all those things, so ...
Interviewer: Where are you now? Are you haunted and driven, failed or successful, which?
David: Yeah, both.
Interviewer: All of the above?
David: I always feel like a failure.
Interviewer: Do you mean now you feel like a failure?
David: Yeah, I mean, sometimes you know, like I come back to New York, so its like, everything is different. So I lie on bed and think, two years ago, three years ago, very different. Maybe I’m doing well, but then I think, you know there are just so many other things that I want to do and ...
Interviewer: Your father and mother divorced when you were eleven. Does that have effect on your life today that you recognize?
David: Well, yeah, I think that the only way to think of it is that, you know, people are saying ‘your wound is your goal’, you know, ‘wherever you’re hurt, that’s where you’ll become stronger.’ So, that’s what, that’s what it’s really about ...
Interviewer: OK. It’s time for short break. We’ll be back in a minute. David Duchovney in ‘The X·Files’, don’t go away.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1 (For Question 11)
The Bush administration is warning that continuing mid-east violence threatens to overwhelm US efforts to revise Israeli-Palestinian Peace talks, using the recommendations of the Mitchell commission to bring the two sides together. The administration officials are openly worried the violence and particularly the car bomb attack injured Isreali civilians could undermine what they see as a positive opening towards renewed peace talks presented by the Mitchell report. The US appeal came in the week of the bomb blast Wednesday in Israeli coastal town of Netanya that injured several Israelies. Responsibility for the bombing was claimed by the Palestinian group, Islamic Jihad. At the state department, sopkesman, Phillip Reeker said there can be no justification for terrorism and targeting its civilians, and he urged the Palestinian authority to do all they can to put an end to such incidents which is said to threaten to overtake the latest peace efforts.
News Item 2
Voters in Peru head to the post today to cast their ballots in a runoff presidential election that many hope will mark the end of the nation’s political crisis. Opinion polls last week show the modern candidate Arhumdred Toledo with a narrow lead over a left-leaning former President Ellen Gaceya. Both candidates have campaigned on similar populous platforms. Meanwhile pre-election Service indicates that up to 25% of voters in Peru plan to spoil or leave their ballots blank to show their dissatisfaction with both candidates.
News Item 3 (For Questions 13-15)
Canada for the seventh consecutive year ranks the best place to live in the world. But if you are a woman, you are better off in Scandinavia since the UN Human Development Report (2000) released yesterday. Norway is in second place you know for ranking followed by the United States, Australia, Iceland, Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands Japan and Britain. Finland is in eleventh place followed by France, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Austria, Luxembourg, Ireland, Italy and New Zealand. At the other end of the scale, the ten least developed countries that provide the fewest service to their people, from the bottom up, a war-devastated Sierra Leone, Niger, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Brandi, Guinean Bissau, Mozambique, Chad, Central African Republic and Mali.
SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLING
Good morning, everybody. Today’s lecture is about Abraham Maslov’s hierarchy of needs. This seems like a physiological topic. Actually it is something psychological. Abraham Maslov is a psychologist, and he is especially known for his theory of human needs.
OK, first of all, what is the need? Here, we can simply define it as a personal requirement. Maslov believes that humans are wanting beings, who seek to fulfil a variety of needs. According to his theory, these needs can be arranged in an order according to their importance. It is this order that has become known as Maslov’s hierarchy of needs. In this hierarchy of needs, at the most basic level are physiological needs. Fundamentally, humans are just one species of animal. We need to keep ourselves alive. Physiological needs are what we require for survival. These needs include food and water, shelter and sleep. At this level for us humans, Maslov also includes the need for clothing. How are these needs usually satisfied? It is mainly through adequate wages.
Then what is the next level of needs? At the next level are safety needs, the things we require for physical and emotional security. Physical security is easy to understand. Everybody needs to keep his body safe from injury, illness, etc. Then what is emotional security? Well, that may be the point in this hierarchy of needs, where humans begin to differ from other animals. We are thinking animals. We have worries, what we fear may be losing a job, or being struck down by a severe disease. Besides physical Security, we need to think we are safe from misfortunes both now and in a forseeable future. How can these needs be met then? According to Maslov, safety needs may be satisfied through job security, health insurance, pension plans and safe working conditions.
After this stage come the levels of needs that are particular to human beings. The immediate following level are the social needs. Under this category, Maslov puts our requirements for love and affection and the sense of belonging. We need to be loved, we need to belong to a group not just the family in which we can share with others in common interest. In Maslov’s view, this need can be satisfied through the work environment and some informal organizations. Certainly, we also need social relationships beyond the work place, for example, with family and friends. Next, the level of esteem needs. What are esteem needs then? They include both the needs of self-esteem and the need of esteem of others. Self-esteem is a sense of our own achievements and worth. We need to believe that we are successful, we are no worse if no better than others. The esteem of people is the respect and recognition we gain from other people, by or through our work or our activities in other social groups. The ways to satisfy esteem needs include personal achievements, promotion to more resposible jobs, various honors and awards and other forms of recognition.
What follows is the top level of this hierarchy of needs. These are the self-realization needs. In other words, they are the needs to grow and develop as people, the needs to become all that we are capable of being. These are the most difficult needs to satisfy. Whether one can achieve this level or not, perhaps determines whether one can be a great man or just an ordinary man. Of course, it depends on different people. The means of satisfying them tend to vary greatly with the individual. For some people, learning a new skill, starting a new career after retirement could quite well satisfy their self-realization needs. While for other people, it could be becoming the best in certain areas. It could be becoming the president of IBM, anyway, being great or ordinary is what others think, while self-realization is largely individual. Maslov suggested that people work to satisfy their physiological needs first, then their safety needs and so on up the needs ladder. In general, they are motivated by the needs at the lowest level that remain unsatisfied. However, needs at one level do not have to be completely satisfied before needs at the next higher level come into play. If the majority of a person’s physiological and safety needs are satisfied, that person will be motivated primarily by social needs. But any physiological and safety needs that remain Unsatisfied will keep playing an important role.
OK, that’s the general picture of Maslov’s hierarchy of needs. Just to sum up, I briefly introduce to you Maslov’s theory. Maslov thinks there are five kinds of human needs with each one being more important than the preceding one. I hope that you find his ideas interesting and in our next lecture, we will mainly discuss the practical implications of his theory.
Now, you have 2 minutes to check your notes, then please complete the 15-minute gap-filling task on Answer Sheet One. This is the end of Part One.
www.59wj.com 答案与详解PAPER ONE
PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK
1． 答案： B
【问句译文】根据该谈话内容，关于办公室的下列哪一种说法是不正确的？
【试题分析】本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】由谈话中提到的“Let’s first take a look of the offices，the physical surroundings of most modern companies，especially offices are becoming more and more similar．”可知“全球的办公室基本上是一样的”故可排除选项A；根据听到的“this is the feature that．．．，may be dependent on the size of the company”和“．．．modem companies pay special attention to the physical surrounding，in order to create an atmosphere conducive to higher working efficiency．”可知，办公环境设置与公司规模有一定联系并影响着工作人员的办公效率，可排除选项C和D。只有选项B不合题意，故为正确答案。
2． 答案： A
【问句译文】 由谈话可以推知，和谐的工作关系对你的什么产生直接的影响？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由谈话中提到的“．．．particularly as the management’s assessment of how are you performing can be crucial to your future career．”可知，工作表现会直接影响到未来的事业，故选项A promotion(提升，晋级)为正确答案。
3． 答案： D
【问句译文】 假设你在一家小公司工作，有什么不满时会怎么做？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由谈话中提到的“In small businesses，the boss will probably work along side his／her workers．Anything that needs to be sorted out will be done face to face as soon as the problem arises．”可知，在小的公司里，有问题应尽快与老板直接面谈。故选项D为正确答案。 答案： B
问句译文：根据该谈话内容，工会在下列哪一方面不起作用？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由谈话中提到的 “When this is not possible，the sides can go to arbitration and bring in a third party from outside to say what they think should happen．”可知，当工会与公司自身不能调节问题时，就会请第三者进行仲裁，所以工会不具备仲裁的职能，故选项B为正确答案。 答案： C
问句译文：谈话不包含下列那一项内容？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】 由谈话可知，其内容先后涉及工作关系（work relations）、工会角色(role of the union)和办公室设置（office layout）。故可分别排除选项A、B、D，正确答案为选项C。
SECTION B INTERVIEW
6． 答案： C
【问句译文】 关于David的个人背景，下列那一种说法是错误的？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由对话中主持人提到的“．．．took a few acting classes．．．”，可知David只是参加了几次表演班，并没有接受过专门的职业培训，故选项C的说法是错误的。
7． 答案： D
【问句译文】 David倾向于相信什么？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在对话中，David提到“Well，government conspiracies，I think，are a little far fetched．．．”由此可知，他倾向于相信政府阴谋，故选项D为正确答案。
8． 答案： C
【问句译文】 David为何认为他适合电视角色？
【试题分析】 本题为细节推理题。
【详细解答】 在谈到David对电视的贡献时，主持人说“I believe，I guess，David，your contribution to the heat series is quite ability．Now let’s talk about your personal experience．．．”，由此可知David的个人经验帮助了他的演艺事业的成功。故选项C为正确答案。
9． 答案： A
【问句译文】 由谈话可知，David目前的感觉怎样？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 当主持人问到David的现状时，他回答“I always feel like a failure．”由此可见，他总是有一种“挫败感”，故选项A 为正确答案。
10． 答案： C
【问句译文】 对于父母离婚一事，David的感想是什么？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在提到父母离婚一事时，David说 “．．．whenever you are hurt，that’s where you’ll become stronger．”由此可见，他认为父母的离异促进了他的成长。故选项C为正确答案。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1
11． 答案： A
【问句译文】 该新闻的主题是什么？
【试题分析】 本题为综合题。
【详细解答】 新闻的第二句话提到“The administration officials are openly worried the violence ...，could under mine what they see as a positive opening...”，新闻中还多次提到相关人员担心巴以和平进程，故选项A为正确答案。
News Item 2
12． 答案： A
【问句译文】 为何有些选民会浪费他们的选票？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由新闻中提到的“...plan to spoil or leave their ballots blank to show their dissatisfaction with both candidates．”可知，有些选民对两个候选人都不满意，故选项A为正确答案。
News Item 3
13． 答案： D
【问句译文】 根据联合国人类发展报告，世上哪儿的妇女的地位最高？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 新闻的第二句话说“But if you are a woman，you are better off in Scandinavia since the UN Human Development(2000) released yesterday．”由此可知，选项D为正确答案。
14． 答案： B
【问句译文】 哪个国家位居第十二位？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由新闻中提及的“Finland is the eleventh place followed by France...”可知，法国紧随其后，位居第十二位。答案选B。
15． 答案： C
【问句译文】 根据联合国的报告，最不发达的国家是哪一国？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 新闻的最后一句话提到“．．．from the bottom up war-deviated，Sierra Leone．．．，”由此可知，选项C为正确答案。
www.59wj.com SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLING 答案：basic (或 fundamental)【详细解答】 在谈到Physiological needs时，录音中说“In this hierarchy of needs, at the most basic level physiological needs”，由此可知，此处应填写basic 或 fundamental。 答案：safety
【详细解答】 当录音中说到“Then what is the next level of needs?”我们就应集中注意力听下文，“ At the next level are safety needs，．．．”由此可知，此处应填写safety。 答案：emotional
【详细解答】 紧接上题，录音解释了safety needs所包含的内容“．．．the things we require for physical and emotional security.” 答案：worries
【详细解答】 根据录音中提到的“We have worries, what we find may lost my job, what we find ．．．”，此处应填写worries。 答案：pension
【详细解答】 在谈到解决safety needs的方法时，录音中说到“．．．safety needs may be satisfied through job security, health insurance, pension plan and safe working conditions.” 故此处应填写pension。
6. 答案：work
【详细解答】 在谈到esteem needs时，录音中说“The esteem of others is the respect and recognition we gain from other people, by or through our work or our achievements and worth.” 故此处应填写work。
7. 答案：variable
【详细解答】 在谈到self-realization needs时，录音中说“The means of satisfying them tend to vary greatly with the individual.” 故此处应填写variable。
8. 答案：human
详细解答:由上下文可知，social，esteem and self-realization needs 应该是 human needs。
9. 答案：motivation
【详细解答】 根据录音中提到的“In general, they are motivated by the needs at the lowest level that remain unsatisfied ．．．”，此处应填写motivation。
10. 答案：coexist
【详细解答】 根据录音中提到的“But any physiological and safety needs that remain unsatisfied will keep playing an important role．”，此处应填写coexist。
www.59wj.com PART Ⅱ PROOFREADING AND ERROR CORRECTION1. 答案： height→high
【详细解答】 height为不可数名词，意为“高度，身高，海拔，顶点”等，故此处应改为可数名词high。
2． 答案：a
【详细解答】 此处steady decline指稳定下降的行为、过程而不是其结果，为不可数名词，故应去掉定冠词a。
3． 答案：went∧→on
【详细解答】 go on为固定搭配，意为“持续”。
4． 答案：high→higher
【详细解答】 根据上下文，此处应为比较级。
5． 答案：Europe→European
【详细解答】 根据上下文，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词counterparts。
6． 答案： more
【详细解答】 由上下文可知，more与equally矛盾，故应去掉。
7． 答案：nevertheless→also
【详细解答】 由上下文可知，此处讲的内容与前部分内容之间为递进关系，而非转折关系。
8． 答案： that→those
【详细解答】 由上下文可知，此处所指代的应为前面复数形式的marriages，故指示代词也应该用复数形式。
9． 答案： Since→Although（或While）
【详细解答】 从逻辑上讲，此处应表达让步关系，而非因果关系。
10． 答案：in→to
【详细解答】 to．．．extent为固定搭配，意为“到……程度”。
www.59wj.com PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A
TEXT A
短文大意 ：这篇短文介绍的是吉卜赛人在欧洲受敌视的状况。
16． 答案：D
【参考译文】 只有在什么时候吉卜赛人才会联合起来？
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 短文第一段中有这么一句话：“...，only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies，...”即“只有面对非吉卜赛人的威胁时才联合起来”，由此可知选项D为正确答案。
17． 答案：A
【参考译文】 历史上，除了下列哪类人，在欧洲对吉卜赛人的仇视导致了各种人对他们的迫害？
【试题分析】 本题为综合理解题。
【详细解答】 短文第二段中有这么两句话“In Europe their persecution by gadje began quickly，with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism．”即“在欧洲gadje人对他们的迫害迅速开始，教堂认为他们的算命是异教行为，政府认为他们的游牧生活是反社会行为”。 “In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria，and perhaps half a million perished in the holocaust．”即“在更近期的历史中，吉卜赛人被卷入了纳粹党的歇斯底里的种族迫害中，大约有50万人死于这次大屠杀”。由此可知选项B、C、D都对吉卜赛人造成了迫害。所以答案应选A。
18. 答案：C
【参考译文】 根据文章内容，吉卜赛人和犹太人的主要区别在于他们对于什么的观念不同？
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 短文最后一句说“with very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their ownunlike the Jews，...”即“绝大部分吉卜赛人对建立一个自己民族的国家没有多大欲望，不像犹太人那样”，由此可知，他们的主要区别在于他们对他们的身份所持的不同观点上，所以答案应为C。文中未将吉卜赛人与犹太人的语言、文化或习俗进行比较，故A、B、D项都不符合题意。
TEXT B
短文大意 ：在这篇短文中，以自身经历讲述了哈莱姆市(Harlem)的变化，表达了他的怀念之情。
19. 答案：B
【参考译文】 在文章开头，似乎在暗示哈莱姆市怎么样？
【试题分析】 本题为推断题。
【详细解答】 文章第一段讲述了还是个小男孩时去哈莱姆市的情景。当时住在Theresa旅店，它是一幢雄伟的砖头建筑。在旅店餐馆里，父亲指出乔·路易斯(一位美国职业拳击运动员)。在第二段开头，指出Much has changed since then．接着说，Business and real estate are booming．(商业和房地产繁荣起来。)由此可见，在开头想指出哈莱姆市经历了剧烈的变化，故选项B为正确答案。
20. 答案：D
【参考译文】 当回忆旧时的哈莱姆市时，他有怎样的感情？
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 由短文的第四、五段“I miss Mr．Michaux’s bookstore．．．，I miss speaker like Carlos Cooks．．．”，可以推断出是很怀念过去的时光的，故选项D为正确答案。
21. 答案：A
【参考译文】 在20世纪20、30年代，哈莱姆市被称作为美国黑人的首都主要是因为它的什么？
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 短文第六段开头说“．．．in the l920s and ’30s，when Harlem renaissance artists，writers，and intellectuals gave it a glitter and renown that made it capital of black America．”即“在20世纪20、30年代Harlem新兴的艺术家、作家和知识分子给Harlem带来了光明和名望，使得其成为美国黑人的首都”，由此可知，在20世纪20、30年代Harlem被称为首都主要是因为它的艺术和文化，所以答案应为A。
22. 答案：C
【参考译文】 从这篇文章我们可以推断出，从总体上来说，的态度怎么样？
【试题分析】 本题为综合理解题。
【详细解答】 文章说首次来到Harlem大约在20世纪40、50年代，而那时由于20、30年代艺术和文化的发展，Harlem成为美国黑人的首都，但随着经济的发展和商业的繁荣，美国正经历另一次的rebirth，尽管随之而来的也有一些社会问题，如毒品和犯罪等。第八段还另外提到：“Now，you want to shout‘Lookin’good!’at this place that has been neglected for so long，”所以对Harlem的变化大体上是持肯定态度的。
TEXT C
短文大意 ：这篇文章详细描绘的是某律师事务所的几位工作人员在对应聘者进行面试前的准备工作以及他们的心理状况。
23． 答案：B
【参考译文】 下列哪一项不是公司的招聘要求？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】 短文第一段提到了公司招聘的要求。由“He was married，and that was mandatory．”可知A项marriage在要求之内。由“He had a degree in accounting，passed the CPA exam the first time he took it and wanted to be a tax lawyer，which of course was a requirement with a tax firm．”可知C项relevant degree也在要求之内。由“McDeere was a male，and there were no women in the firm．”可知D项male也是正确选项，所以只有B不符合题意。
24. 答案：D
【参考译文】 秘密调查的详细内容表明公司怎么样？
【试题分析】 本题为推断题。
【详细解答】 根据文章第三段的描述，该公司派人调查了McDeere在校的表现甚至是一些琐碎的私人生活细节，可以推断出该公司对McDeere的任何个人细节都感兴趣。
25. 答案：A
【参考译文】 根据文章内容，Lama Quin在面试现场的主要原因是什么？
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 根据文中第五段中的“Lamar Quin was thirty-two and not yet a partner．He had been brought along to look young and act young and project a youthful image for Bendini，Lambert & Locke which in fact was a young firm．．．”可知Lamar Quin出现在此次面试中的主要原因应为A项，即“他的形象可以给McDeere留下印象”。
26. 答案：C
【参考译文】 读这篇文章，我们会有这种印象，即该公司在招募人员时不怎么样？
【试题分析】 本题为综合理解题。
【详细解答】 根据文中第一段及第二段中的内容可知该公司在招聘人员时是精挑细选的(selective)。该公司还派私人侦探去调查McDeere的个人情况，可知他们的招聘是秘密的(secretive)。该公司在工作招聘中对应聘人员的要求是有种族偏见的(racially biased)，这由第一段中“He was white，and the firm had never hired a black．”可得出结论。所以只有C项perfunctory(敷衍了事，马马虎虎)不合题意。
TEXT D
短文大意 ：这篇短文论述的是当过CEO的政府官员政绩不佳的原因。
27． 答案：D
【参考译文】 一位CEO要想在政府部门成功，他必须怎样做？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】 A项是视总统为CEO，这与原文第四段中“But even the president is not really the CEO．”是不符的；B项也不合题意，因为“Power in Washington is diffuse and horizontally spread out．”(政府权力是分散的，是水平分布的。)所以他对其负责部门不必绝对控制，而是要扮演好总统顾问(adviser to President)的角色；C项在文中并未提及。故正确答案为D。
28． 答案：A
【参考译文】 文章在评论O’Neill当财政部长的经历时，似乎指明什么？
【试题分析】 本题为推断题。
【详细解答】 短文第六段以O’Neill当财政部长为例，论述了必须小心行使权力。接着在第七段指出O’Neill公开批评国际货币基金组织给予发展中国家紧急援助的建议，与此同时却赞同针对土尔其、阿根廷和巴西的这类建议，结果两边都不讨好。可见，O’Neill没有行使好自己的权力。故选项A为正确答案。
29． 答案：C
【参考译文】 根据文章内容，政府和企业的不同之处不包括下列哪一项？
【试题分析】 本题为综合理解题。
【详细解答】 短文倒数第二段第二句说“Business functions around one predominate organizing principle，profitability．．．Government，on the other hand，deals with a vast number of equally legitimate and often potentially competing objectives．．．”可以看出两者的行为性质是不同的，所以A项是区别之一。短文倒数第三段第二句说“．．．you can’t just quit．Jack Welch’s famous law for re-engineering General Electric was to be first or second in any given product category，or else get out of that business．But if the government isn’t doing a particular job at peak level，it doesn’t always have the option of relieving itself of that function．”可以看出商业部门有其自由撤出的权力而政府部门一般不可，所以B项也是区别之一。此外两者权力分布也是不同的，正如文中第四段所述“Power in a corporation is concentrated and vertically structured．Power in Washington is diffuse and horizontally spread out．”由此看来只有C项不是两者的区别，故为正确答案。
30. 答案：B
【参考译文】 似乎在暗指由CEO转变过来的政府官员怎样？
【试题分析】 本题为推断题。
【详细解答】 在短文的最后一段，指出，CEO长期习染崇拜、奉承的文化，因而他们很难相信自己有必要去听取别人的意见或学习他人的优点，特别是那些为人们所不齿的政客、官僚和媒体，而他们即使清楚地认识有这个必要，也不会那样做，故选B。
www.59wj.com SECTION BTEXT E
短文大意 ：介绍的是有关美国网吧的状况。
31. 答案：C
【参考译文】 文章主要是关于美国的什么？
【试题分析】 本题为综合判断题。
【详细解答】 从文中大量有关美国网吧的数字，就可判断主要是关于美国网吧的。
TEXT F
短文大意 ：这篇短文介绍了有关瑜珈的情况。
32. 答案：A
【参考译文】 在这篇短文中，试图做什么？
【试题分析】 本题为综合判断题。
【详细解答】 快速浏览全文可知，第一段第一句话直接道出西方练瑜珈的人只注重形体修塑，没注意意识修炼。第二段的开头介绍了瑜珈功的正确、本来的原理，指出瑜珈功重在内心修炼。第三段指出瑜珈由外部瑜珈与内部瑜珈组成，并详细介绍了内部瑜珈的境界感受，这是为了体现内心修炼的重要性，从而批评了西方练瑜珈的人的不当之处，故选项A为正确答案。
TEXT G
短文大意 ：这是一篇有关基辛格的新书Does American Need a Foreign Policy的书评。
33. 答案：D
【参考译文】 评论者对亨利·基辛格的新书的评价基本上怎么样？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 根据短文第2段和第3段的第1句、第6段的第2句可知，对基辛格的新书还是持赞扬态度，故正确答案为D。
TEXT H
短文大意 ：论述的是有关小语种逐渐消失的问题。
34. 答案：A
【参考译文】 在这篇文章中，表达了对什么的关心？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由文章第一段可知，小语种在逐渐消失。接着浏览各段开头或文中词语可知，文章主要围绕language，linguistic extinction进行论述。而且从文中倒数第六段和倒数第三段可知，文中还谈及了如何挽救小语种。故本题选A项。
TEXT I
短文大意 ：这是一份招聘工程管理员的广告。
35. 答案：B
【参考译文】 工程管理员的工作主要与什么有关？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 从招聘启事的副标题AGRICULTURAL REHABILITATION PROJECT可知正确答案为选项B。
36. 答案：D
【参考译文】 工作合同多久签一次？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 由短文倒数第三段中的“a twelve-month contract with a salary”可知正确选项为D。
TEXT J
短文大意 ：这是一篇有关感冒的医学文章。
37. 答案：A
【参考译文】 谁发现了名为M2的蛋白质？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在文中迅速找寻M2一词。从第二段第二句可得出 是比利时的一所大学里的科学家发现了M2，故正确答案为选项A。
38. 答案：C
【参考译文】 文章引证了导致口气不清新的几条原因？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在标题为BAD BREATH的三段文字中，分别给出了导致口气不清新的三个原因：an illnes，foods like onions or garlic，food molecules，故正确答案为选项C。
TEXT K
短文大意 ：这是一篇介绍Moore生平的文章。
39. 答案：D
【参考译文】 Moore第一次受委托办事是在何时？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在文中寻找first commission。从第三段第二句可知His first commission，received in l928...，故正确答案为选项D。
40. 答案：B
【参考译文】 Moore在哪儿第一次获得国际性奖项？
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 在文中寻找international prize。从第四段第二句可知“...won the International Sculpture Prize at the 24th Venice Biennale，the first of countless international accolades...，由此可知，正确答案为选项B。
www.59wj.com PAPER TWOPART Ⅳ TRANSLATION
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
【参考译文】
Before I fell ill, my parents doted on me a lot. I could have my way at home. Once I was isolated and confined in a chamber on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed. One spring evening, my parents held a Banquet in the garden, where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. In no time, a crowd of their guests collected and laughter was heard all over there. I, without being noticed, lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden, and my elder sisters, brothers and my cousins, each full of the joys of spring, were shuttling among the guests. Quickly enough, I was thrown into a fist of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and discarded by the rest and could not help crying my heart out.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
【参考译文】〖HT5”SS〗
在其经典小说《开拓者》中，詹姆士·菲尼摩尔·库珀让主人公，一个土地开发商，带他的表妹参观正在由他承建的一座城市。他描述了宽阔的街道，林立的房屋，热闹的都市。他的表妹环顾四周，大惑不解。她所看见的只是一片树林。“你想让我看的那些美景和改造了的地方在哪儿啊?”她问道。他见表妹看不到那些东西，感到很惊讶。“哪儿?到处都是啊!”他答道。虽然那些东西还未建成在大地上，但他已在心中将它们建好了。对他来说，它们都是实实在在的，宛如已建成竣工一样。
库珀这里阐明的是一种典型的美国人特性：着眼于未来，即能够从未来的角度看待现在；可以自由地不为过去所羁绊，而在情感上地依附于未来的事物。正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾经说过的那样：“对美国人来说，生活总是在发展变化中，从来不会静止不变。”
www.59wj.com PART Ⅴ WRITING【参考范文】
Love, and Then Be Loved
In recent years, more and more teachers complain that their students are indifferent to others. Some even worry that the young generation might ruin the future of China. To be sure, many of our young people cannot see eye to eye with this view. However, as a university student, I myself would like to content that we young people today are in general more self-centered and unsympathetic than our previous generations.
To start with, most, if not all, young people choose to attend exclusively to their own needs. In their eyes, It is all too natural to seek satisfaction from what they do, even if it may mean inconvenience to others. Take my dormitory for example. It is a common scene here that a roommate cheerfully talks to his girlfriend on the phone at midnight when others are struggling for a sound sleep. One may complain now and then, but to no avail. In fact, the others, to the exclusion of me, live their dormitory life much in the same way. When I take a nap at noon, they often play cards. They have no regard for others. Life is a joy to them, yet they often enjoy it to the neglect of others’ feelings. In sharp contrast, our caring parents always pay heed to our needs and those of others. Whenever my father comes back home late in the night, he tiptoes In for fear that he might awake me.
Moreover, our young people tend to be insensitive to others’ difficulty. When a classmate falls ill, few people offer to help, but regard it as none of their business. Some students in my class come from poor families. Yet, they are active mobile phone users, who may spend twice as much as what their parents earn from arduous labor. When asked why they behave so, they answer that their parents have the obligation to accommodate their expenses. Personally, I detest their answer, for I know my parents never thought that way when they were young. Being aware of their parents’ financial difficulty, they managed to save every penny they could.
For the above reasons and those not mentioned here, I subscribe to the view that young people in today’s China are more self-centered and unsympathetic than were our previous generations. It is high time that we learned from older generations so that a harmonious and splendid future can be anticipated.
本套真题测试的语言重点：
重点单词：
confound 挫败，使落空
mercenary 外国雇佣兵
nomadism游牧生活，流浪生活
burgeon迅速增长，发展繁荣
venerated受尊敬的
founder失败，崩溃
holster 维持
重点词组：
fragmented and fractious分裂而且难以驾驭的
downplay their profile贬低他们的形象或影响
decry．．．as 谴责．．．
run/ride roughshod over 残暴地(或盛气凌人地)对待，对……横行霸道
at peak level处于最好的水平
www.59wj.com 如果觉得《2003年英语专业八级考试答案及解析》专八历年真题,yyzszb不错，可以推荐给好友哦。